# p56_an_end – Page Analyis

# Page Analysis: p56_an_end

## Count

Words: 25

Runes: 85

1-grams:
  ᚠ:
  5
  ᚢ:
  3
  ᚦ:
  2
  ᚩ:
  4
  ᚱ:
  5
  ᚳ:
  5
  ᚷ:
  3
  ᚹ:
  5
  ᚻ:
  1
  ᚾ:
  4
  ᛁ:
  1
  ᛄ:
  3
  ᛇ:
  1
  ᛈ:
  2
  ᛉ:
  2
  ᛋ:
  3
  ᛏ:
  1
  ᛒ:
  1
  ᛖ:
  2
  ᛗ:
  3
  ᛚ:
  3
  ᛝ:
  3
  ᛟ:
  1
  ᛞ:
  5
  ᚪ:
  2
  ᚫ:
  7
  ᚣ:
  3
  ᛡ:
  3
  ᛠ:
  2
2-grams:
  ᚫᚳ:
  2
  ᚷᚹ:
  2
  ᚹᛚ:
  2
  ᛉᚩ:
  2
  ᚣᛄ:
  2
  ᚠᚾ:
  2
  ᛝᚱ:
  2
  ᚫᛄ:
  1
  ᛄᛟ:
  1
  ᛟᛋ:
  1
  ᛋᚱ:
  1
  ᚱᛗ:
  1
  ᛗᚣ:
  1
  ᚣᛚ:
  1
  ᛚᚩ:
  1
  ᚩᚻ:
  1
  ᚻᚩ:
  1
  ᚩᚫ:
  1
  ᚳᚦ:
  1
  ᚦᚷ:
  1
  ᚹᚹ:
  1
  ᛚᚫ:
  1
  ᚫᛉ:
  1
  ᚩᚪ:
  1
  ᚪᛈ:
  1
  ᛈᛗ:
  1
  ᛗᛞ:
  1
  ᛞᛞ:
  1
  ᛞᚢ:
  1
  ᚢᚷ:
  1
  ᛚᛞ:
  1
  ᛞᚾ:
  1
  ᚾᚣ:
  1
  ᛄᚳ:
  1
  ᚳᚠ:
  1
  ᚠᛡ:
  1
  ᛡᚫ:
  1
  ᚫᛏ:
  1
  ᛏᛈ:
  1
  ᛈᛇ:
  1
  ᛇᚪ:
  1
  ᚪᚦ:
  1
  ᚦᚳ:
  1
  ᚳᚫ:
  1
  ᚳᛞ:
  1
  ᛞᚠ:
  1
  ᚾᛡ:
  1
  ᛡᛖ:
  1
  ᛖᚠ:
  1
  ᚾᚳ:
  1
  ᚳᛝ:
  1
  ᚱᚠ:
  1
  ᚠᚫ:
  1
  ᚫᛁ:
  1
  ᛁᚱ:
  1
  ᚱᛞ:
  1
  ᛞᛖ:
  1
  ᛖᛋ:
  1
  ᛋᚣ:
  1
  ᛄᛠ:
  1
  ᛠᚢ:
  1
  ᚢᛝ:
  1
  ᛝᚹ:
  1
  ᚹᛉ:
  1
  ᚩᛗ:
  1
  ᛗᛠ:
  1
  ᛠᚹ:
  1
  ᚹᚠ:
  1
  ᚠᚱ:
  1
  ᚱᚷ:
  1
  ᚷᛡ:
  1
  ᛡᛝ:
  1
  ᚱᛒ:
  1
  ᛒᚫ:
  1
  ᚫᚾ:
  1
  ᚾᚢ:
  1
  ᚢᛋ:
  1
3-grams:
  ᚫᛄᛟ:
  1
  ᛄᛟᛋ:
  1
  ᛟᛋᚱ:
  1
  ᛋᚱᛗ:
  1
  ᚱᛗᚣ:
  1
  ᛗᚣᛚ:
  1
  ᚣᛚᚩ:
  1
  ᛚᚩᚻ:
  1
  ᚩᚻᚩ:
  1
  ᚻᚩᚫ:
  1
  ᚩᚫᚳ:
  1
  ᚫᚳᚦ:
  1
  ᚳᚦᚷ:
  1
  ᚦᚷᚹ:
  1
  ᚷᚹᚹ:
  1
  ᚹᚹᛚ:
  1
  ᚹᛚᚫ:
  1
  ᛚᚫᛉ:
  1
  ᚫᛉᚩ:
  1
  ᛉᚩᚪ:
  1
  ᚩᚪᛈ:
  1
  ᚪᛈᛗ:
  1
  ᛈᛗᛞ:
  1
  ᛗᛞᛞ:
  1
  ᛞᛞᚢ:
  1
  ᛞᚢᚷ:
  1
  ᚢᚷᚹ:
  1
  ᚷᚹᛚ:
  1
  ᚹᛚᛞ:
  1
  ᛚᛞᚾ:
  1
  ᛞᚾᚣ:
  1
  ᚾᚣᛄ:
  1
  ᚣᛄᚳ:
  1
  ᛄᚳᚠ:
  1
  ᚳᚠᛡ:
  1
  ᚠᛡᚫ:
  1
  ᛡᚫᛏ:
  1
  ᚫᛏᛈ:
  1
  ᛏᛈᛇ:
  1
  ᛈᛇᚪ:
  1
  ᛇᚪᚦ:
  1
  ᚪᚦᚳ:
  1
  ᚦᚳᚫ:
  1
  ᚳᚫᚳ:
  1
  ᚫᚳᛞ:
  1
  ᚳᛞᚠ:
  1
  ᛞᚠᚾ:
  1
  ᚠᚾᛡ:
  1
  ᚾᛡᛖ:
  1
  ᛡᛖᚠ:
  1
  +33 others
4-grams:
  ᚫᛄᛟᛋ:
  1
  ᛄᛟᛋᚱ:
  1
  ᛟᛋᚱᛗ:
  1
  ᛋᚱᛗᚣ:
  1
  ᚱᛗᚣᛚ:
  1
  ᛗᚣᛚᚩ:
  1
  ᚣᛚᚩᚻ:
  1
  ᛚᚩᚻᚩ:
  1
  ᚩᚻᚩᚫ:
  1
  ᚻᚩᚫᚳ:
  1
  ᚩᚫᚳᚦ:
  1
  ᚫᚳᚦᚷ:
  1
  ᚳᚦᚷᚹ:
  1
  ᚦᚷᚹᚹ:
  1
  ᚷᚹᚹᛚ:
  1
  ᚹᚹᛚᚫ:
  1
  ᚹᛚᚫᛉ:
  1
  ᛚᚫᛉᚩ:
  1
  ᚫᛉᚩᚪ:
  1
  ᛉᚩᚪᛈ:
  1
  ᚩᚪᛈᛗ:
  1
  ᚪᛈᛗᛞ:
  1
  ᛈᛗᛞᛞ:
  1
  ᛗᛞᛞᚢ:
  1
  ᛞᛞᚢᚷ:
  1
  +57 others

## Double-Rune Occurrence

The following analysis looks at two neighboring runes. Whenever two identical runes appear one after another, the number sequence will print a “1” on dark background. Rune difference looks at the shortest distance between two neighbors. Maximum value is 14 if they are farthest apart. The value is zero if they are identical.

Note: Hover on a cell to see the offset in the file.

Double Runes:
  .
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  1
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  .
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  1
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Rune Difference:
  14
  11
  7
  11
  14
  7
  6
  12
  5
  5
  7
  9
  3
  4
  1
  0
  13
  5
  11
  11
  8
  11
  6
  4
  0
  7
  5
  1
  13
  3
  14
  12
  14
  6
  5
  2
  2
  9
  3
  1
  12
  7
  3
  9
  9
  11
  6
  9
  11
  9
  11
  9
  4
  13
  12
  4
  4
  14
  6
  10
  5
  3
  11
  14
  12
  2
  9
  14
  7
  11
  13
  9
  8
  7
  4
  2
  8
  6
  12
  13
  8
  13
  8
  14

## Index of Coincidence (IoC)

Quick IoC recap: Normal english IoC is about 1.77. Values below 1.4 are highly unlikely to be anywhat meaningful. Predicting english text with IoC gets worse if the text is very short.

Here we are considering to either ᚠ being an interrupt; or it's inverse ᛠ. The numbers (1–32) represent the key length. With a key length of 5, every fifth rune will be decrypted with the same alphabet.

Note: the darker the cell, the better the prediction. The runes per length columns influences the results of the other columns; so if this is low, the other columns are not reliable.

| IoC-high | IoC-norm | Runes / keylen
--- | --- | --- | ---
| ᚠ | ᛠ | ᚠ | ᛠ | ᚠ | ᛠ
1 | 0.97 | 0.98 | 0.20 | 0.21 | 85 | 85
2 | 1.18 | 1.01 | 0.41 | 0.24 | 42 | 42
3 | 1.20 | 0.97 | 0.43 | 0.20 | 28 | 28
4 | 1.28 | 1.07 | 0.46 | 0.29 | 21 | 21
5 | 1.22 | 0.96 | 0.45 | 0.19 | 17 | 17
6 | 1.84 | 0.87 | 0.41 | 0.09 | 14 | 14
7 | 1.15 | 1.08 | 0.38 | 0.31 | 12 | 12
8 | 1.37 | 1.00 | 0.43 | 0.22 | 10 | 10
9 | 1.43 | 0.91 | 0.25 | 0.07 | 9 | 9
10 | 1.71 | 1.55 | 0.33 | 0.19 | 8 | 8
11 | 1.91 | 1.51 | 0.19 | – | 7 | 7
12 | 1.77 | 1.12 | 0.18 | 0.18 | 7 | 7
13 | 1.83 | 1.87 | 0.40 | – | 6 | 6
14 | 1.10 | 0.69 | – | – | 6 | 6
15 | 1.16 | 0.77 | – | – | 5 | 5
16 | 1.87 | 1.15 | – | – | 5 | 5
17 | 1.25 | 1.14 | – | – | 5 | 5
18 | 2.42 | 0.81 | – | – | 4 | 4
19 | 2.09 | 1.73 | – | – | 4 | 4
20 | 1.89 | 1.64 | – | – | 4 | 4
21 | 1.15 | 1.38 | – | – | 4 | 4
22 | 1.54 | 1.54 | – | – | 3 | 3
23 | 1.26 | 1.05 | – | – | 3 | 3
24 | 1.41 | 1.01 | – | – | 3 | 3
25 | 1.55 | 0.97 | – | – | 3 | 3
26 | 2.23 | 1.86 | – | – | 3 | 3
27 | 1.97 | 0.72 | – | – | 3 | 3
28 | 2.07 | 0.69 | – | – | 3 | 3
29 | 1.67 | 0.67 | – | – | 2 | 2
30 | 1.29 | 0.97 | – | – | 2 | 2
31 | 1.56 | 1.56 | – | – | 2 | 2
32 | 2.11 | 0.60 | – | – | 2 | 2
best | 18 | 13 | 4 | 7

## Modulo IoC

This sections explores the idea of multiple alphabets alternating. For example, have two or three Vigenere ciphers that switch after each rune. A Vigenere with key length 3 (ABC) plus another Vigenere with key length 5 (DEFGH) will generate a pattern that only repeats after 30 runes (ADBECFAGBHCDAEBFCGAHBDCEAFBGCH). So the first group will represent every 2nd rune starting with the first, and the second group will contain every 2nd rune starting with the second.

There are two main distinctions. Interrupt-first-then-mod assumes that an interrupt will pause the alternation between the different groups. Mod-first-then-interrupt assumes that an interrupt will pause the key alternation within that group. Lets look at the example Vig(3) + Vig(5). With the first, the decryption sequence is: Vig(3)[0], interrupt, Vig(5)[0], Vig(3)[1], etc. With the second, the decryption sequence is: Vig(3)[0], interrupt, Vig(3)[1], Vig(5)[0], etc. Note that the second decryption still switched to Vig(5) but was ignored because it was an interrupt.

Note: The row header format is {interrupt}.{mod}.{offset}. “ᚠ.2.0” means, assume the interrupt is ᚠ, divide the data into two sets, then look at the first set (rune at index 0, rune at index 2, etc.). The column shows the keylength for which the IoC was calculated. In the previous example, with a key length of 7, indices 0, 14, 28, ... are part of one alphabet, and indices 2, 17, 30, ... are part of another alphabet.

Mod-IoC is disabled on solved pages

## Running IoC

This section perfoms a running IoC with a window size on the whole text. For example, a window size of 50 will look at the first 50 runes and calculate the IoC (high). This will be the first value in the list. The text is offsetted by one and the next 50 runes are evaluated. This contiunes to the last set of 50 runes.

Same rules apply as to normal IoC; an IoC on 20 runes is just too small to get a meaningful result. But it helps to get the bigger picture ;).

Window size 120:
Window size 80:
  0.95
  0.90
  0.93
  0.95
  0.96
  0.94
Window size 50:
  0.97
  0.88
  0.90
  0.95
  1.04
  1.04
  1.02
  1.07
  1.11
  1.07
  1.09
  1.16
  1.09
  0.99
  0.99
  0.99
  0.95
  0.95
  0.95
  0.90
  0.90
  0.90
  0.90
  0.90
  0.92
  0.92
  0.90
  0.90
  0.92
  0.92
  0.99
  0.95
  0.97
  0.99
  0.99
  0.95
Window size 30:
  1.00
  1.00
  1.00
  1.07
  1.07
  1.13
  1.07
  1.00
  1.00
  0.87
  0.93
  0.87
  0.80
  0.80
  0.80
  0.87
  0.87
  1.00
  1.00
  0.93
  1.00
  1.00
  1.07
  1.13
  1.33
  1.13
  1.00
  1.20
  1.33
  1.33
  1.40
  1.40
  1.33
  1.33
  1.33
  1.13
  0.93
  0.87
  0.80
  0.80
  0.80
  0.80
  0.80
  0.87
  0.80
  0.93
  1.00
  0.93
  0.80
  0.87
  1.00
  0.93
  0.87
  0.87
  0.93
  0.87
Window size 20:
  0.92
  0.92
  0.92
  0.92
  1.07
  1.07
  1.07
  1.07
  1.07
  1.07
  1.22
  1.37
  1.22
  1.22
  1.22
  1.07
  0.76
  0.61
  0.61
  0.46
  0.61
  0.61
  0.61
  0.46
  0.61
  0.46
  0.61
  0.76
  0.92
  1.07
  1.22
  1.07
  1.22
  1.37
  1.83
  1.37
  1.07
  1.22
  1.22
  1.22
  1.37
  1.53
  1.68
  1.68
  1.37
  1.22
  1.07
  0.92
  0.76
  0.61
  0.61
  0.46
  0.31
  0.46
  0.61
  0.61
  0.61
  0.46
  0.46
  0.61
  0.61
  0.61
  0.61
  0.61
  0.76
  0.76

## Concealment Analysis

### Pick every 1. word

Words (IoC: 0.942):
  AEJ OESR MYLOH OAE CTHGW WLAE XOAP MDDUGW L DNYJ CFIA AETPEOATH CAE CD FN IAE FNCNG RF AEIRDE SYJEAUNGW XO MEAWF RGIA NGRB AENUS
Pick every first letter (IoC: 1.740):
  AE
  OE
  M
  O
  C
  W
  X
  M
  L
  D
  C
  AE
  C
  C
  F
  IA
  F
  R
  AE
  S
  X
  M
  R
  NG
  AE
Pick every last letter (IoC: 0.967):
  J
  R
  H
  AE
  W
  AE
  P
  W
  L
  J
  IA
  TH
  AE
  D
  N
  E
  NG
  F
  E
  W
  O
  F
  IA
  B
  S

### Pick every 2. word

#### Start with 1. word

Words (IoC: 0.920):
  AEJ MYLOH CTHGW XOAP L CFIA CAE FN FNCNG AEIRDE XO RGIA AENUS
Pick every first letter (IoC: 2.974):
  AE
  M
  C
  X
  L
  C
  C
  F
  F
  AE
  X
  R
  AE
Pick every last letter (IoC: 0.372):
  J
  H
  W
  P
  L
  IA
  AE
  N
  NG
  E
  O
  IA
  S

#### Start with 2. word

Words (IoC: 0.797):
  OESR OAE WLAE MDDUGW DNYJ AETPEOATH CD IAE RF SYJEAUNGW MEAWF NGRB
Pick every first letter (IoC: 0.439):
  OE
  O
  W
  M
  D
  AE
  C
  IA
  R
  S
  M
  NG
Pick every last letter (IoC: 1.318):
  R
  AE
  AE
  W
  J
  TH
  D
  E
  F
  W
  F
  B

### Pick every 3. word

#### Start with 1. word

Words (IoC: 1.071):
  AEJ OAE XOAP DNYJ CAE IAE AEIRDE MEAWF AENUS
Pick every first letter (IoC: 2.417):
  AE
  O
  X
  D
  C
  IA
  AE
  M
  AE
Pick every last letter (IoC: 2.417):
  J
  AE
  P
  J
  AE
  E
  E
  F
  S

#### Start with 2. word

Words (IoC: 1.228):
  OESR CTHGW MDDUGW CFIA CD FNCNG SYJEAUNGW RGIA
Pick every first letter (IoC: 3.107):
  OE
  C
  M
  C
  C
  F
  S
  R
Pick every last letter (IoC: 4.143):
  R
  W
  W
  IA
  D
  NG
  W
  IA

#### Start with 3. word

Words (IoC: 0.736):
  MYLOH WLAE L AETPEOATH FN RF XO NGRB
Pick every first letter (IoC: 0.000):
  M
  W
  L
  AE
  F
  R
  X
  NG
Pick every last letter (IoC: 0.000):
  H
  AE
  L
  TH
  N
  F
  O
  B

### Pick every 4. word

#### Start with 1. word

Words (IoC: 1.187):
  AEJ CTHGW L CAE FNCNG XO AENUS
Pick every first letter (IoC: 2.762):
  AE
  C
  L
  C
  F
  X
  AE
Pick every last letter (IoC: 0.000):
  J
  W
  L
  AE
  NG
  O
  S

#### Start with 2. word

Words (IoC: 0.758):
  OESR WLAE DNYJ CD RF MEAWF
Pick every first letter (IoC: 0.000):
  OE
  W
  D
  C
  R
  M
Pick every last letter (IoC: 1.933):
  R
  AE
  J
  D
  F
  F

#### Start with 3. word

Words (IoC: 0.502):
  MYLOH XOAP CFIA FN AEIRDE RGIA
Pick every first letter (IoC: 0.000):
  M
  X
  C
  F
  AE
  R
Pick every last letter (IoC: 1.933):
  H
  P
  IA
  N
  E
  IA

#### Start with 4. word

Words (IoC: 0.446):
  OAE MDDUGW AETPEOATH IAE SYJEAUNGW NGRB
Pick every first letter (IoC: 0.000):
  O
  M
  AE
  IA
  S
  NG
Pick every last letter (IoC: 1.933):
  AE
  W
  TH
  E
  W
  B

### Pick every 5. word

#### Start with 1. word

Words (IoC: 0.879):
  AEJ WLAE CFIA IAE XO
Pick every first letter (IoC: 0.000):
  AE
  W
  C
  IA
  X
Pick every last letter (IoC: 0.000):
  J
  AE
  IA
  E
  O

#### Start with 2. word

Words (IoC: 0.414):
  OESR XOAP AETPEOATH FNCNG MEAWF
Pick every first letter (IoC: 0.000):
  OE
  X
  AE
  F
  M
Pick every last letter (IoC: 0.000):
  R
  P
  TH
  NG
  F

#### Start with 3. word

Words (IoC: 0.758):
  MYLOH MDDUGW CAE RF RGIA
Pick every first letter (IoC: 5.800):
  M
  M
  C
  R
  R
Pick every last letter (IoC: 0.000):
  H
  W
  AE
  F
  IA

#### Start with 4. word

Words (IoC: 1.115):
  OAE L CD AEIRDE NGRB
Pick every first letter (IoC: 0.000):
  O
  L
  C
  AE
  NG
Pick every last letter (IoC: 0.000):
  AE
  L
  D
  E
  B

#### Start with 5. word

Words (IoC: 1.105):
  CTHGW DNYJ FN SYJEAUNGW AENUS
Pick every first letter (IoC: 0.000):
  C
  D
  F
  S
  AE
Pick every last letter (IoC: 2.900):
  W
  J
  N
  W
  S